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Original Articles
- Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Monitoring for Detecting Perioperative Safety Deviations in General Surgical Practice
- Opeyemi Qozeem Asafa, Aishat Omowunmi Asafa, Ayodeji Olaolu Oyeniran, Olajide Emmanuel Babalola, Olumuyiwa Tope Ajayeoba, Roseline Olufunmilola Folami, Ganiyu Adebukola Oyeniyi, Kehinde Adesola Alatishe, Adegboyega Segun Afolabi, Ismail Idowu Uthman
- Received April 17, 2026 Accepted May 25, 2026 Published online June 15, 2026
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.69474/jsie.2026.00080 [Epub ahead of print]
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Abstract
PDF - Background
Perioperative safety deviations remain an important challenge in surgical care despite implementation of safety measures such as the surgical safety checklist. Emerging digital technologies, particularly artificial intelligence (AI), may provide additional support for identifying potential safety threats during surgical care. This study evaluated the usefulness of AI-assisted monitoring for identifying and helping prevent common perioperative safety deviations in routine general surgical practice.
Methods
This prospective observational study included 136 patients who underwent general surgical procedures at a tertiary hospital. Procedures included inguinal hernia repair, exploratory laparotomy, appendectomy, ventral or incisional hernia repair, excisional biopsy, and other minor surgical operations. AI-supported monitoring tools were integrated into perioperative workflows to identify potential safety deviations during operative care. Demographic characteristics, procedure types, and intraoperative safety events were recorded. The primary outcome was the frequency of safety deviations and their detection using AI support. Secondary outcomes included the proportion of identified deviations corrected before completion of surgery.
Results
Among the 136 procedures, 26 perioperative safety deviations (19.1%) were identified. The most common deviations involved incomplete checklist steps, delayed administration of prophylactic antibiotics, and discrepancies in instrument or sponge counts. AI-assisted monitoring detected 20 of the 26 deviations (76.9%), and 17 of the 20 detected deviations (85.0%) were corrected before completion of the procedure. The overall detection rate increased from 53.8% with routine observation alone to 76.9% with AI-assisted monitoring (p=0.02). No cases of retained surgical items or wrong-site surgery occurred during the study period.
Conclusions
AI-assisted monitoring demonstrated the potential to improve early recognition and correction of perioperative safety deviations during general surgical procedures. Integration of such systems into perioperative workflows may strengthen existing safety practices and improve detection of workflow-related safety irregularities.
- Feasibility and Competency Outcomes of a Standardized Colonoscopy Curriculum in General Surgery Residency
- Dae Kyung Sohn, Sang-Ho Jeong, Seung Jae Roh, Sa-Hong Min, In-Seob Lee
- Received March 18, 2026 Accepted May 3, 2026 Published online June 9, 2026
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.69474/jsie.2026.00010 [Epub ahead of print]
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Abstract
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Supplementary Material - Background
Integrating structured colonoscopy training into general surgery residency programs remains both a logistical and educational challenge. This study evaluated the feasibility and educational outcomes of a standardized colonoscopy training curriculum for surgical residents using objective competency assessments and trainee perceptions.
Methods
A retrospective mixed-methods analysis was conducted among general surgery residents who participated in a standardized colonoscopy training program between 2022 and 2025. Faculty assessed objective procedural competency using the Direct Observation of Procedural Skills framework across three domains: basic manipulation, anatomical understanding, and insertion & advancement. Trainee perceptions regarding the training environment, procedural difficulty, and perceived educational value were evaluated using a post-training survey.
Results
Objective competency data from 369 residents were analyzed. Residents demonstrated high performance in the basic manipulation and anatomical understanding domains following completion of the training program. In contrast, scores in the insertion & advancement domain were comparatively lower, suggesting greater technical difficulty. Post-graduate year (PGY)-3 residents achieved significantly higher scores than PGY-2 residents in this domain (p=0.015), whereas performance in the other domains was comparable between the groups. Post-training survey responses indicated that most residents considered the training duration and group size appropriate, and more than 94% reported that the program would be beneficial for their future clinical practice.
Conclusions
A standardized colonoscopy training curriculum implemented during surgical residency was feasible and was associated with high levels of competency in fundamental endoscopic skills. However, insertion and advancement techniques remained more challenging for junior trainees, suggesting that additional practice opportunities targeting complex insertion skills may improve future training programs.
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